All 50 states and DC

Can you take the permit test online?

13 states let anyone take the knowledge test online, 5 only drivers under 18 and Michigan only drivers 18 and over. 8 states give it through driver education or a school, and 16 states describe the test at an office. 8 states say nothing in the documents on hand. Find your state in the table.

By state

Find your state.

Each state’s row as its own documents state it. “At an office” means the state’s documents describe taking the test at an office and none of them offers it online. A dash means the documents on hand don’t say. States add online tests, so check your state’s page.

Whether you can take the permit test online, by state
StateWhere you take itFee for the online test
AlabamaPublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
AlaskaOnline, for anyoneNot published
ArizonaOnline, under 18 onlyNot published
ArkansasPublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
CaliforniaPublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
ColoradoOnline, for anyone$6.50
ConnecticutAt an office
DelawarePublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
District of ColumbiaOnline, for anyoneNot published
FloridaOnline, under 18 onlyNot published
GeorgiaAt an office
HawaiiOnline, for anyone$11 to $25 by county
IdahoPublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
IllinoisAt an office
IndianaAt an office
IowaPublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
KansasOnline, for anyoneNot published
KentuckyAt an office
LouisianaThrough driver education
MaineAt an office
MarylandAt an office
MassachusettsOnline, for anyoneNot published
MichiganOnline, 18 and over$6.50
MinnesotaAt an office
MississippiThrough driver education
MissouriAt an office
MontanaAt an office
NebraskaThrough driver education
NevadaOnline, for anyoneNot published
New HampshirePublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
New JerseyAt an office
New MexicoPublishes nothing on where the test is takenNot published
New YorkOnline, under 18 onlyNot published
North CarolinaAt an office
North DakotaOnline, for anyoneNot published
OhioOnline, for anyoneNot published
OklahomaOnline, for anyoneNo extra fee
OregonOnline, for anyoneNot published
PennsylvaniaAt an office
Rhode IslandThrough driver education
South CarolinaThrough driver education
South DakotaAt an office
TennesseeOnline, under 18 onlyNot published
TexasThrough driver education
UtahAt an office
VermontOnline, for anyoneNot published
VirginiaThrough driver education
WashingtonThrough driver education
West VirginiaOnline, for anyoneNot published
WisconsinOnline, under 18 only$10
WyomingAt an office

“At an office” means the state’s documents describe taking the test at an office and none of them offers it online. A dash means the documents on hand don’t say. States add online tests, so check your state’s page. Each state’s own sentence is in the sources below.

Checked against each state’s handbook, agency pages and rules on October 29, 2026. The documents’ own sentences are below the table. How we check facts

By who can test online

What states allow online permit tests?

The states that give the knowledge test online, grouped by who may take it there, then the states that give it through a course and the ones that describe an office.

Online, under 18 only

5 states give it online to drivers under 18

Online, 18 and over

1 state gives it online to drivers 18 and over

Through driver education

8 states give it through a course or a school

Not published

8 states say nothing in the documents on hand

Questions

Good to know before you book.

What states allow online permit tests?

19 states, by their own documents: Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, District of Columbia, Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Tennessee, Vermont, West Virginia and Wisconsin. In Alaska, Colorado, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Kansas, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Vermont and West Virginia anyone can take it online. In Arizona, Florida, New York, Tennessee and Wisconsin only drivers under 18 can. In Michigan only drivers 18 and over can. The rule for each one, in the state’s own words, is below the table.

Can you take the permit test online at home if you’re over 18?

In Alaska, Colorado, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Kansas, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Vermont and West Virginia, yes: anyone can take it online. In Michigan the online test is for drivers 18 and over. In Arizona, Florida, New York, Tennessee and Wisconsin it is for drivers under 18 only, so an adult takes it in person. Everywhere else the documents on hand give no online test.

Does the online test cost more?

5 states give a fee for the online test in their documents.

The other states with an online test don’t publish one.

What does “At an office” mean here?

That the state’s documents describe taking the test at an office or a branch and none of them offers it online. Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming are in that group today. States add online tests, so check your state’s page before your test.

Sources

Where each answer comes from.

Open a state to read the sentences of its handbook, agency pages or rules that give its answer, each with a link to the document.

Alabama

Not published

Alabama’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

Alabama practice test

Alaska

Online, for anyone

You can take the written test for your instruction permit online at ak.knowtodrive.com.

“To take the online written test for your instruction permit, please visit ak.knowtodrive.com.”

Alaska Driver Manual, page 8

You can take it anywhere, at any time, from home on your own device.

“Take your test anywhere and at any time, from the convenience of your home on your own device.”

Alaska Driver Manual, page 12

Fees may apply to the online knowledge test.

“Take an online knowledge test (fees may apply)”

Alaska Driver Manual, page 5

You get a pass or fail result right away, with directions for the next steps.

“Get immediate pass/fail results and directions for next steps once the test is completed.”

Alaska Driver Manual, page 12
Alaska practice test

Arizona

Online, under 18 only

If you’re under 18, you can take the permit test at home through a parent’s AZ MVD Now account or a driving school.

“If you’re an Arizona teenager (under 18), there’s no need to go into an office for your written test! Take the Permit Test @ Home through a parent or legal guardian’s AZ MVD Now account or a participating Arizona Professional Driving School.”

Arizona MVD, permit test page

A parent or legal guardian pays the $7 application fee and supervises the test.

“Steps for the parent or legal guardian Sign in or create your AZ MVD Now account Verify your identity Complete your teen's information Pay the $7 application fee Supervise the test”

Arizona MVD, permit test page

Anyone can take the permit test at any MVD location instead.

“You can also take the permit test at any MVD location.”

Arizona MVD, permit test page
Arizona practice test

Arkansas

Not published

Arkansas’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

Arkansas practice test

California

Not published

California’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

California practice test

Colorado

Online, for anyone · $6.50

You can take the test for your instruction permit online.

“Aspiring drivers can now test for their instruction permit online.”

Colorado DMV, knowledge tests at home page

Any Colorado resident who needs the test can take it at home.

“Any Colorado resident who needs to take a Driving Knowledge Test.”

Colorado DMV, knowledge tests at home page

Each attempt costs $6.50, a $5 testing fee plus a $1.50 card fee.

“First attempt: Free + $5 testing fee + $1.50 credit card processing fee = $6.50”

Colorado DMV, knowledge tests at home page

If you’re under 19, an adult over 19 must be your proxy for the test.

“Additionally, test-takers younger than 19 will need an adult older than 19 to be a proxy for the test.”

Colorado DMV, knowledge tests at home page

You can take it as many times as needed, but only twice a day.

“You can take it as many times as needed, but only twice in one day.”

Colorado DMV, knowledge tests at home page

You can also take it in an office or at a driving school, by appointment.

“You can take a Driving Knowledge Test online with @Home Driving Knowledge Tests, in-office or at a driving school. Please note appointments are required and can be made at myDMV.Colorado.gov.”

Colorado DMV, knowledge tests at home page

The handbook says to take your permit test at home.

“Take your permit test at home!”

Colorado Driver Handbook, page 35
Colorado practice test

Connecticut

At an office

All testing must be done in person.

“All testing must be done in person.”

Connecticut DMV, knowledge and vision test page

Testing is by appointment only at select DMV offices.

“Testing is offered by appointment only at select DMV offices.”

Connecticut DMV, knowledge and vision test page

DMV offices give the knowledge test by appointment.

“DMV offices conduct knowledge testing for operator licensing on an appointment basis.”

Connecticut Driver’s Manual, page 7
Connecticut practice test

Delaware

Not published

Delaware’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

Delaware practice test

District of Columbia

Online, for anyone

You can take the knowledge test virtually or at a local Test Proctoring Center.

“Knowledge testing is now available virtually and via a local Test Proctoring Center, with the exception of motorcycle and CDL knowledge tests.”

DC DMV, Knowledge Tests page

You need an appointment to test virtually or at the Test Proctoring Center.

“An appointment is required to take the test virtually and at the Test Proctoring Center.”

DC DMV, Knowledge Tests page

Virtual testing covers only the standard and the GRAD knowledge tests.

“Virtual testing is only available specifically for the standard and the Graduated License Program (GRAD) (16-20 years old) knowledge tests.”

DC DMV, Knowledge Tests page

You pay a fee for the knowledge test whether you pass or fail.

“You must pay a fee to take the knowledge test, whether you pass or fail.”

DC DMV, Knowledge Tests page

After a virtual test, a representative tells you your result right away.

“If you complete the virtual knowledge test, you will be immediately notified by a representative of your test results.”

DC DMV, Knowledge Tests page

The handbook says the test can be taken at any DMV service center.

“The driver license knowledge examination can be taken at any DMV service center.”

District of Columbia Driver Manual, page 11
District of Columbia practice test

Florida

Online, under 18 only

Students under 18 may take the knowledge test online.

“Students under 18 may take the knowledge exam online.”

Official Florida Driver License Handbook, page 27

If you’re under 18, approved third-party administrators give the Class E knowledge test online.

“Any applicant under the age of 18 can take the Class E Knowledge Exam online. There are approved third party administrators that provide this service.”

FLHSMV, Class E knowledge exam page

A Parent Proctoring Form is required, notarized or signed in front of a driver license examiner.

“NOTE: A Parent Proctoring Form is required for online tests, and must be notarized or signed in the presence of a driver license examiner.”

FLHSMV, Class E knowledge exam page

If you pass through a third-party administrator, you may be picked at random for a mandatory retest.

“Note: Section 322.56(3)(b) and (e), Florida Statutes, provides that a customer who passes the Class E Knowledge Exam or Driving Skills Test through an authorized third party administrator may be randomly selected for a no fee mandatory re-test without prior notice.”

FLHSMV, Class E knowledge exam page

Many high school driver education classes can give the test through DELAP.

“Many high school driver education classes are authorized to provide the Class E Knowledge Exam through DELAP.”

FLHSMV, Class E knowledge exam page

The test can also be taken at a service center.

“The Class E Knowledge Exam can be taken at a service center.”

FLHSMV, Class E knowledge exam page
Florida practice test

Georgia

At an office

Knowledge tests are given on a walk-in basis at every DDS Customer Service Center.

“Knowledge exams are given on a walk-in basis at every DDS Customer Service Center statewide.”

Georgia Drivers’ Manual, page 13

You must start the written test at least 30 minutes before closing.

“To ensure that an applicant has adequate time to complete the knowledge exam, customers must begin taking the written test at least 30 minutes prior to closing.”

Georgia Drivers’ Manual, page 13

No appointment is needed for the knowledge test.

“No appointment is needed, and a free Practice Test is available online.”

Georgia DDS, test and exams information page
Georgia practice test

Hawaii

Online, for anyone · $11 to $25 by county

You can take the written test for a learner’s permit from home or almost anywhere.

“Taking the written test for a learner’s permit to drive in Hawaii can now be accomplished in the comfort of your home, in a classroom or just about anywhere!”

Honolulu Department of Customer Services, online permit test page

Any Hawaii resident who needs the written test can take it online.

“Any Hawaii resident who needs to take the written test.”

Honolulu Department of Customer Services, online permit test page

The fee is $12 in Honolulu, $11 in Hawaii County, $20 in Kauai County and $25 in Maui County.

“The cost is the county fee plus $10, so in the City and County of Honolulu for the test is $12 ($2 city and county fee, $10 combined transaction and credit card fee), payable only online by credit card. The fee for Hawaii County is $11 ($1 county fee plus $10 transaction), Kauai County is $20 ($10 county fee plus $10 transaction), and Maui County is $25 ($15 county fee plus $10 transaction).”

Honolulu Department of Customer Services, online permit test page

The online test is only for the Class 3 car license, not the motorcycle license.

“The online permit test is only available for the Class 3 (vehicle) Driver’s License.”

Honolulu Department of Customer Services, online permit test page

You need a desktop or laptop with a webcam, not a phone or tablet.

“To take the test online, you must have an internet-connected desktop or laptop computer with a mouse (or mouse-pad controlled cursor), keyboard and a functioning webcam.”

Honolulu Department of Customer Services, online permit test page

You can take it as many times as needed, but only twice a day.

“You can take it as many times as needed, but only twice in one day.”

Honolulu Department of Customer Services, online permit test page

In Hawaii County the fee is $11, a $1 test fee plus a $10 card fee.

“The test fee is $11, which includes a $1 test fee and a $10 transaction and credit card fee.”

Hawaii County Vehicle Registration and Licensing, online written test page
Hawaii practice test

Idaho

Not published

Idaho’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

Idaho practice test

Illinois

At an office

Written testing is offered at DMV facilities, but not at express facilities.

“To obtain a new driver's license, you must visit a DMV to surrender your out-of-state license and pass a vision screening, written exam, and possibly a drive exam. (Note: Express facilities do not process out-of-state transfers or offer written testing.)”

Illinois Secretary of State, driver FAQ page

You can ask for an oral version of the written test in person at any driver’s license facility.

“Oral examinations (for the written test) can be requested in person at any Secretary of State driver’s license facility, Monday through Thursday.”

Illinois Rules of the Road, page 18
Illinois practice test

Indiana

At an office

You take the computer-based knowledge test at a BMV branch, with no appointment needed.

“You don't need to schedule an appointment for a knowledge exam. But, you MUST arrive at the branch at least 30 minutes before it closes to take the computer-based knowledge exam that day.”

Indiana BMV, knowledge exam page

Arrive at the branch at least 30 minutes before it closes to test that day.

“You must arrive at the branch at least 30 minutes before the branch closes to take the computer-based knowledge exam that day.”

Indiana Driver’s Manual, page 10
Indiana practice test

Iowa

Not published

Iowa’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

Iowa practice test

Kansas

Online, for anyone

You can take the knowledge test online, then bring your passing result to the office.

“The Kansas Department of Revenue offers Kansans the ability to complete their non-commercial knowledge exam online, bring in their passing results, and eliminate the in-office knowledge exam.”

Kansas Driving Handbook, page 9

Check whether you qualify at ks.knowtodrive.com.

“For more information, and to see if you qualify, visit https://ks.knowtodrive.com.”

Kansas Driving Handbook, page 9

You can also take it at a Full-Service Driver License Center or through an approved driver’s education course.

“To take the knowledge exam, you may go to any Full-Service Driver License Center, complete an approved driver’s education course, or complete the written exam online at https://ks.knowtodrive.com/.”

Kansas Driving Handbook, page 94
Kansas practice test

Kentucky

At an office

The State Police give the tests at offices across the state.

“The Kentucky State Police offers testing services at mulitple offices regionally located across the state.”

Kentucky Driver Manual, page 21

All testing is by appointment only.

“All testing is conducted by appointment only.”

Kentucky Driver Manual, page 21

After you pass, you go to a Transportation Cabinet Regional Office for your permit.

“After passing the required vision and knowledge tests, you will return to the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Regional Office where they will issue an instruction permit.”

Kentucky Driver Manual, page 12
Kentucky practice test

Louisiana

Through driver education

Your driver education provider gives the knowledge and skills tests.

“The knowledge and skills tests are administered by the driver education provider.”

Louisiana OMV, permits page

You need a Temporary Instruction Permit before the knowledge test is given.

“Prior to the administration of the knowledge or the skill test or any behind the wheel instruction, a Temporary Instruction Permit (TIP) must be obtained.”

Louisiana Class D & E Driver’s Guide, page 8

The handbook says the test is given on a computer in most offices.

“The exam is given on a computer in most offices and you must correctly answer 80 percent of these questions to receive a passing score.”

Louisiana Class D & E Driver’s Guide, page 13
Louisiana practice test

Maine

At an office

Written tests and vision screenings are offered on a schedule at all Motor Vehicle branch offices.

“Written exams and visual screenings are offered on a scheduled basis at all Motor Vehicle branch offices.”

Maine Driver’s License Manual, page 7

The digital test is given at one of the BMV’s 13 branches.

“If the applicant speaks a language provided in our testing system, they will be schedule to take the tet with the digital system at one of our 13 branches across the state.”

Maine BMV, driver’s license exam page
Maine practice test

Maryland

At an office

You take the knowledge test at an MVA location.

“You take the knowledge test at an MVA location.”

Maryland Driver’s Manual, page 7

Take your test at an MVA office location.

“Take your test at an MVA office location”

Maryland MVA, knowledge tests page
Maryland practice test

Massachusetts

Online, for anyone

You can take the permit test at the service center when you apply, or online after you submit your application.

“Learner’s permit exams can be taken in the service center when you submit your application. They are also available online at Mass.Gov/RMV after you submit your application.”

Massachusetts Driver’s Manual, page 24

After your application and documents are verified, you get login details to take the test online.

“Once an application and documents have been processed and verified, you will be given login instructions and credentials to complete your test online.”

Massachusetts RMV, learner’s permit page

Your photo is taken before, during and at the end of the online test.

“You must consent to your photo being taken before, during, and at the end of the exam”

Massachusetts RMV, learner’s permit page

You can’t take the test on a smartphone or tablet.

“You can not take the exam on a smartphone or tablet”

Massachusetts RMV, learner’s permit page
Massachusetts practice test

Michigan

Online, 18 and over · $6.50

At 18 or older with no license yet, you apply for a temporary instruction permit at a Secretary of State office.

“If you are age 18 or older and have never been licensed, you must apply for a temporary instruction permit (TIP) at a Secretary of State office and pass a driving skills test administered by a driver testing business.”

What Every Driver Must Know, page 20

You can take the written knowledge test online at home for a $6.50 convenience fee.

“You also have the option of taking an online version of the test at home on your own computer or laptop for a $6.50 convenience fee.”

What Every Driver Must Know, page 20

At a Secretary of State office, the written test is given at no charge.

“The written knowledge test is provided at all Secretary of State offices at no charge.”

What Every Driver Must Know, page 20

The online test is taken at home on a computer or laptop.

“The written driver’s license knowledge test is also available online (and is taken at home using a computer or laptop) for a $6.50 convenience fee.”

What Every Driver Must Know, page 91

Teens in driver education must score 70 percent on the Segment 1 state test.

“Segment 1 requires at least 24 hours of classroom instruction, a minimum of six hours of behind-the-wheel instruction, a minimum of four hours of observation time in a training vehicle and a minimum of 70 percent on the Segment 1 state exam.”

What Every Driver Must Know, page 18
Michigan practice test

Minnesota

At an office

You can take the written test at DVS exam stations across the state.

“You can take the written test at DVS exam stations across the state.”

Minnesota Driver’s Manual, page 13

Appointments are required for the Class D written test.

“Appointments are required for the Class D written test.”

Minnesota Driver’s Manual, page 13
Minnesota practice test

Mississippi

Through driver education

A District Supervisor goes to approved schools to give the learner’s permit test to driver education students.

“It shall be the responsibility of the District Supervisor to go to the approved schools to administer the learner’s permit test to the driver education students.”

Mississippi Department of Public Safety, driver services rules (Title 31, Part 1), page 11

Tests are given at a school when a driver education class has at least 20 students.

“A driver education class should have a minimum of twenty (20) students before tests are given at a school.”

Mississippi Department of Public Safety, driver services rules (Title 31, Part 1), page 11
Mississippi practice test

Missouri

At an office

The State Highway Patrol gives the driver tests.

“The MSHP administers the driver examination.”

Missouri Driver Guide, page 20

Contact the MSHP or the Department to find the testing center nearest you.

“To find the testing center nearest you, contact the MSHP or the Department.”

Missouri Driver Guide, page 20
Missouri practice test

Montana

At an office

You pass the written test and vision test at the driver exam station.

“To obtain the NCLP, the applicant will be required to present the appropriate documents (identification, authorized presence, proof of Montana residence), pay the licensing fees, and pass the written test and vision test at the driver exam station.”

Montana Driver Manual, page 12

All driver license stations require scheduled appointments.

“All driver license stations require scheduled appointments.”

Montana Driver Manual, page 20
Montana practice test

Nebraska

Through driver education

If you complete a DMV-approved driver safety course, the written and drive tests are waived.

“The written and drive test will be waived if the applicant has completed a DMV approved driver safety course.”

Nebraska Driver’s Manual, page 11

Schools send course completion results to the DMV electronically.

“Schools transmit all other course completion results electronically to the DMV.”

Nebraska Driver’s Manual, page 11

When the school’s test information reaches the DMV, the written test is waived.

“When the SCP/POP test information has been electronically received from the Driver Safety School or presented by the applicant. the written test is waived.”

Nebraska DMV, driver license examiner manual, page 8
Nebraska practice test

Nevada

Online, for anyone

You can take your written test online from home.

“Prepare to take your written test online from the comfort of your home.”

Nevada DMV, written knowledge test page

You need a computer with a front-facing camera.

“Use a computer with a front-facing camera...”

Nevada DMV, written knowledge test page

Touch-screen devices are not supported.

“Touch-screen devices are not supported”

Nevada DMV, written knowledge test page

If you fail, you can retake the test the next day.

“If you fail, you can retake the test the next day.”

Nevada DMV, written knowledge test page

A $25 testing fee is required before you take the written test.

“A $25 testing fee is required before taking the written test.”

Nevada DMV, written knowledge test page

Your online result is sent to the DMV automatically.

“Results are automatically sent to the DMV”

Nevada DMV, written knowledge test page
Nevada practice test

New Hampshire

Not published

New Hampshire’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

New Hampshire practice test

New Jersey

At an office

Most MVC agencies give the knowledge test and vision screening.

“Note: Most agencies conduct knowledge testing and vision screening.”

New Jersey Driver Manual, page 22

Check njmvc.gov to find which MVC Licensing Centers offer driver testing.

“To find out which MVC Licensing Centers offer driver testing services, check online at www.njmvc.gov or call (609) 292-6500.”

New Jersey Driver Manual, page 22
New Jersey practice test

New Mexico

Not published

New Mexico’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about where the knowledge test is taken.

New Mexico practice test

New York

Online, under 18 only

Students who are at least 15 years and 11 months can take the written test through the DMV’s OKTA program.

“Before you apply for a learner permit, students who are at least age 15 and 11 months can take the written test through the DMV Online Knowledge Test Application (OKTA) program.”

New York State Driver’s Manual, page 10

The test is given at participating high schools across New York State.

“The test is given at participating high schools across New York State.”

New York State Driver’s Manual, page 10

A school staff member monitors the tests.

“They must provide a personal computer with Internet access, a printer and at least one staff person to monitor the tests.”

New York State Driver’s Manual, page 10

If you fail, you can take it again online as many times as the school allows.

“Students who fail the test can take it again online as many times as the school allows.”

New York State Driver’s Manual, page 11
New York practice test

North Carolina

At an office

You take the required tests and have your photo made at the local driver license office.

“Customers who take required tests and have their photos made at the local driver license office will receive a temporary driving certificate valid for 60 days.”

North Carolina Driver Handbook, page 27

Walk-ins are accepted all day, or until capacity is reached.

“Walk-ins also are accepted all day, or until capacity is reached.”

North Carolina Driver Handbook, page 10
North Carolina practice test

North Dakota

Online, for anyone

You pass the knowledge test at a Driver License office or at nd.knowtodrive.com.

“To receive a permit you must first pass the knowledge examination at a Driver License office or at nd.knowtodrive.com and the visual screen test.”

North Dakota Noncommercial Driver License Manual, page 7

If you pass the permit test online, you make an appointment at a Driver License office to get your permit.

“Please note if you passed the permit test online you must make an appointment to visit a ND Driver License office to obtain your permit.”

North Dakota Noncommercial Driver License Manual, page 7

You can take your knowledge test right away at nd.knowtodrive.com.

“To obtain a North Dakota operator’s license, you must visit one of the Driver License offices, or you may take your knowledge test immediately at nd.knowtodrive.com.”

North Dakota Noncommercial Driver License Manual, page 3
North Dakota practice test

Ohio

Online, for anyone

You can take the knowledge test online through BMV Online Services, with 2 attempts in 6 months.

“Online through BMV Online Services (two attempts permitted in a six-month period).”

Ohio Driver Manual, page 3

You can take the knowledge test online through Ohio BMV Online Services.

“An applicant may complete the knowledge test online by selecting the “Complete the Knowledge Test ONLINE” button above, or by visiting Ohio BMV - Online Services.”

Ohio BMV, driver license and graduated licensing page

You need a computer or laptop with a working webcam.

“You may take your Online Knowledge test with a computer or laptop that must have a functioning webcam.”

Ohio BMV, driver license and graduated licensing page

If you’re under 19, a supervising adult must be present.

“All applicants who are 15.5 years old but younger than 19 must have a supervising adult present.”

Ohio BMV, driver license and graduated licensing page

You can try the online test up to 2 times in 6 months, 24 hours apart.

“You can attempt the Knowledge Test online up to two times in a six-month period. You must wait 24 hours in between the two attempts.”

Ohio BMV, driver license and graduated licensing page

If you test online, your vision is screened at the deputy registrar when you buy the permit.

“If testing online, the vision screening will be performed at any deputy registrar license agency at the time of purchasing the temporary permit.”

Ohio BMV, driver license and graduated licensing page
Ohio practice test

Oklahoma

Online, for anyone · No extra fee

You can take the written test from home.

“Now, you can take the test from the comfort of your home.”

Service Oklahoma, driver study hub page

There is no extra fee for taking the written test online.

“No, there is no extra fee for taking the Written Exam online.”

Service Oklahoma, written knowledge test page

If you’re under 18, a parent or guardian must be present to verify your identity before the test.

“Yes, if you are under 18, a parent or guardian must be present to verify your identity before you begin the test.”

Service Oklahoma, written knowledge test page

At 18 or over, you can test online as long as your license isn’t suspended in any state.

“If you are over 18 years old: Must not have a suspended license in Oklahoma or any other state”

Service Oklahoma, written knowledge test page

You can take the test online 2 times, then further attempts are in person.

“While the Written Exam can be taken as many times as needed, you may take the Written Exam online two times. After two fails on the online version, you will need to come see us in person for further attempts.”

Service Oklahoma, written knowledge test page

You need a computer with a webcam and a microphone for identity checks and monitoring.

“You will need a computer with a stable internet connection, a webcam, and a microphone for identity verification and monitoring during the test.”

Service Oklahoma, written knowledge test page
Oklahoma practice test

Oregon

Online, for anyone

You can take the knowledge test online at DMV2U at any time, or at a DMV office.

“You have options to take the knowledge test! Online: Go to DMV2U.Oregon.gov, at any time; or at a DMV office, either standby service or with an appointment.”

Oregon Driver Manual, page 10

You need a desktop or laptop with a keyboard, mouse and webcam.

“You must use a desktop or laptop computer with a keyboard, mouse and webcam.”

Oregon Driver Manual, page 11

If you’re under 18, a proctor over 21 must supervise the test.

“If under 18 years of age, a Proctor over 21 years of age must supervise the test.”

Oregon Driver Manual, page 11

You can take the test online 4 times in all, then you must test at a DMV office.

“You may take the test online four times total. After four attempts you must test at a DMV office.”

Oregon Driver Manual, page 11
Oregon practice test

Pennsylvania

At an office

Bring your documents to the Driver License Center when you’re ready to take the knowledge test.

“After studying the manual and following the steps listed above, bring the items listed below to the Driver License Center when you are ready to take your Knowledge Test:”

Pennsylvania Driver’s Manual, page 5

If you fail, you can retake the test the next business day.

“If you fail the Knowledge Test, you will be permitted to retake the test the following business day.”

Pennsylvania Driver’s Manual, page 9
Pennsylvania practice test

Rhode Island

Through driver education

If you take the driver education course with CCRI, you take the DMV knowledge test through CCRI.

“NOTE: All applicants who take the thirty-three (33) hour driver education course with CCRI take the RI DMV Knowledge examination (Permit test) through CCRI.”

Rhode Island Driver’s Manual, page 10

Other first-time applicants take the computerized test at the DMV’s main office in Cranston.

“First-time applicants (and those who fail the RI DMV knowledge exam through CCRI) must take the computerized examination at the main office of the DMV in Cranston.”

Rhode Island Driver’s Manual, page 10

If you’re 18 or older, you take the computerized test at the DMV headquarters in Cranston.

“Applicants 18 years of age and older must come to the DMV headquarters, 600 New London Ave, Cranston to take a computerized knowledge exam prior to issuance of a learner’s permit.”

Rhode Island DMV, Knowledge Exams page
Rhode Island practice test

South Carolina

Through driver education

You can take the vision and knowledge tests at any SCDMV branch.

“You may take vision and knowledge tests at any SCDMV branch.”

South Carolina Driver’s License Manual, page 14

One Stop Driver Training and Testing Programs, or third-party testers, are available for a first-time beginner’s permit.

“There are also One Stop Driver Training and Testing Programs (also known as third-party testers) available if you are applying for a first-time regular (class D) beginner’s permit, driver’s license, or motorcycle (class M) license.”

South Carolina Driver’s License Manual, page 14

Their SCDMV-authorized testers can give the knowledge test instead of a branch office.

“this program have SCDMV-authorized testers who can administer the knowledge and/or skills tests instead of you having to take the tests at an SCDMV branch office.”

South Carolina Driver’s License Manual, page 15

Visit an SCDMV branch before 4 p.m. to take the knowledge test for a beginner’s permit.

“If you're interested in getting a beginner's permit, study the appropriate manual and visit an SCDMV branch before 4 p.m. to take the knowledge test.”

SCDMV, beginner’s permit page
South Carolina practice test

South Dakota

At an office

If your license has expired, you book a knowledge test appointment at a driver exam station.

“If your driver license has been expired for more than 30 days, you must schedule a testing appointment at a driver exam station, as you will be required to pass a knowledge test.”

South Dakota DPS, driver license testing page

Testing appointments must be scheduled.

“Testing appointments must be scheduled”

South Dakota DPS, driver license testing page

Children and pets aren’t allowed in the testing area.

“For the knowledge test, we recommend you do not bring children or pets to your appointment, as they aren’t allowed in the testing area and you’ll be able to focus on passing your exam.”

South Dakota DPS, driver license testing page
South Dakota practice test

Tennessee

Online, under 18 only

If you’re 15 to 17, you can take the written test online with a parent or legal guardian as proctor.

“Teenagers between the ages of 15 to 17 seeking to obtain their driver's license who are required to take a written test, can now take that test on-line under a proctor's supervision (parent/legal guardian) via Tennessee Proctor Identification (PID) App.”

Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, page 38

Your parent or guardian needs a compatible phone or tablet for the Tennessee Proctor ID app.

“The parent or legal guardian serving as the proctor must have a compatible phone or tablet on which they can download the Tennessee Proctor ID app.”

Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security, online knowledge test page

You can take the online test up to 2 times.

“Applicants can only take the online knowledge test up to two (2) times.”

Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security, online knowledge test page

Even if you pass online, the department may have you retake the test at a driver services center.

“Even if an applicant passes the online knowledge test, the Tennessee Department of Safety & Homeland Security may require the applicant to retake the knowledge test at the driver services center.”

Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security, online knowledge test page

In person, the tests are given at all Driver Service Centers except express centers.

“Driver license tests are given at all Driver Service Centers except for the express service centers.”

Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, page 35
Tennessee practice test

Texas

Through driver education

Your driver education school or parent-taught provider may give the road signs and road rules tests before you apply.

“(a) Prior to application for a learner license, the driver education school, or parent taught driver education course provider may administer the Class C Road Signs exam and the Class C Road Rules exam to each student.”

Texas Department of Public Safety, driver license rules (37 TAC 15.64), page 2

The school may give the tests electronically using the department’s current version.

“The driver education school or parent taught driver education course provider will obtain the exams from the department or the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR) and may reproduce and electronically administer the exams if the most current version available from the department or TDLR is used.”

Texas Department of Public Safety, driver license rules (37 TAC 15.64), page 2

After certain driver education courses, you don’t take the knowledge test at the driver license office.

“Upon successful completion of certain courses, the person is not required to take the Class C knowledge exam, also known as the written exam, at the driver license office.”

Texas Driver Handbook, page 13
Texas practice test

Utah

At an office

You pass the 50-question written knowledge test at the Driver License Division.

“Complete this online training and exam after you have passed the 50-question written knowledge test at the Driver License Division.”

Utah Driver License Division, original license page

After a failed attempt, you schedule a written retest appointment to return to the office.

“If you need to return to the office after a failed attempt, a written retest appointment will need to be scheduled.”

Utah Driver Handbook, page 33
Utah practice test

Vermont

Online, for anyone

The learner permit test is online at mydmv.vermont.gov, not in the office.

“The learner permit test is no longer taken in our office. It is an online test available on our website, mydmv.vermont.gov.”

Vermont Driver’s Manual, page 3

The knowledge test is online and has 20 questions.

“The knowledge test is online and has 20 questions.”

Vermont Driver’s Manual, page 19

Your permit is issued after you pass the online test and pay the fees.

“Your permit will be issued after you pass the online permit test and pay the required fees.”

Vermont Driver’s Manual, page 13
Vermont practice test

Virginia

Through driver education

You can take the test on a computer at a DMV customer service center or in a classroom at a participating high school.

“The exam is multiple choice and can be taken on a computer at DMV customer service centers or in classrooms at participating high schools.”

Virginia DMV, knowledge exam page

Walk-in applicants must arrive by 4:30 p.m. on weekdays and 11:30 a.m. on Saturdays to test that day.

“Walk-in applicants for the knowledge exam must be present by 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday, and by 11:30 a.m. on Saturdays in order to test that day.”

Virginia DMV, knowledge exam page
Virginia practice test

Washington

Through driver education

There are 2 ways to take the tests, at a driver training school or at a driver licensing office.

“There are two ways you can take your driver license exams. Find a driver training school exam location by searching approved driver training school at dol.wa.gov. Schedule an appointment at a driver licensing office in License Express.”

Washington Driver Guide, page 33

You schedule the knowledge test at a training and testing location.

“Ready to take the knowledge test? Schedule your test at a training and testing location.”

Washington DOL, driver license tests page

The test fee varies by location, so check with your testing location.

“You'll need to pay a fee to take the test that varies by location—check with your testing location for the exact amount.”

Washington DOL, driver license tests page
Washington practice test

West Virginia

Online, for anyone

You can take the written test online through Know to Drive.

“Know to Drive Online Testing Applicants may take the written test Online.”

West Virginia Driver’s Licensing Handbook, page 19

The online test’s certificate isn’t permission to drive until a DMV location processes it.

“THE CERTIFICATE RECEIVED FROM THIS TEST IS NOT PERMISSION TO DRIVE. YOU MUST GO TO A DMV LOCATION FOR PROCESSING.”

West Virginia Driver’s Licensing Handbook, page 19
West Virginia practice test

Wisconsin

Online, under 18 only · $10

If you’re 15 to 17, you can take the knowledge test online for a $10 fee.

“Applicants between ages 15 and 17 may also take the knowledge test online for a fee of $10.”

Wisconsin Motorists’ Handbook, page 5

There is no charge for the test at a DMV customer service center.

“Tests in a DMV customer service center is free.”

Wisconsin Motorists’ Handbook, page 5

The handbook’s cover points 15 to 17 year olds to KnowToDrive.com/Wisconsin to take the test at home.

“KnowToDrive.com/Wisconsin Take your knowledge test AT HOME”

Wisconsin Motorists’ Handbook, page 1
Wisconsin practice test

Wyoming

At an office

You set up the written test at the testing station, where you can choose to hear the questions.

“If you prefer to hear the questions, as well as read them, you can choose that option when you are setting up the test at the testing station.”

WYDOT, testing page

You can take the same written test twice in one day.

“If you fail the written test, you may only take the same written test twice in one day.”

WYDOT, testing page
Wyoming practice test

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