All 50 states and DC
What languages is the DMV written test offered in?
16 states offer the written test in 10 languages or more, and 9 in 2 to 9. 3 test in English only, 9 offer other languages without listing them and 7 offer only an audio or oral test. 7 states say nothing in the documents on hand. Find your state in the table.
By state
Find your state.
Each state’s row as its own documents state it. A count is the languages the state’s documents name or count, English included where they name it. A dash means the documents on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
| State | Languages | Interpreters |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 12 languagesArabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Vietnamese | Not published |
| Alaska | Several, not listed | Allowed |
| Arizona | 11 languagesEnglish, German, Vietnamese, Mandarin, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, Italian, French, Tagalog, Korean | Not published |
| Arkansas | Audio or oral test, in English | Not published |
| CaliforniaPublishes nothing on the test’s languages | Not published | Not published |
| Colorado | 2 languagesEnglish, Spanish | Allowed |
| Connecticut | 35 languagesAlbanian, Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, English, French, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Amharic Ethiopia, Armenian, Bosnian, Chinese Simplified, Croatian, Dari, German, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Khmer, Korean, Nepali, Pashto, Persian Farsi, Portuguese Brizil, Punjabi, Romanian, Somali, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu | Not published |
| Delaware | Audio or oral test, in English | Not published |
| District of Columbia | 24 languagesEnglish, Amharic, Arabic, Cantonese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Vietnamese, Turkish, Hungarian, Finnish, Danish, Indonesian, Dutch, Farsi, Italian, Swedish | Language line available |
| Florida | English only | Not published |
| Georgia | 26 languagesEnglish, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese, Dari, Farsi, French, German, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Pashto, Portuguese (Brazil), Rohingya, Russian, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, Urdu, Vietnamese, Wolof, Yoruba | For the hearing impaired, by appointment |
| Hawaii | Several, not listedEnglish, Spanish and others | Not published |
| Idaho | 12 languagesEnglish, Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, Korean, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish, Swahili, Vietnamese, American Sign Language (ASL) | Not published |
| Illinois | Several, not listed | Allowed |
| Indiana | 21 languagesArabic, Burmese, Chin, Croatian, French, German, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin - Simplified Chinese, Polish, Punjabi, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swahili, Tagalog, Vietnamese, American Sign Language (ASL) | One per customer, ASL translator by appointment |
| Iowa | Audio or oral test, in English | Not published |
| KansasPublishes nothing on the test’s languages | Not published | Not published |
| Kentucky | 27 languagesEnglish, Albanian, Arabic, Bosnian, Burmese, Cambodian, Chinese, Croatian, Dari, Farsi, French, German, Hindi, Japanese, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Laotian, Pashto, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Turkish, Vietnamese | By appointment |
| Louisiana | Not published | Allowed (except CDL) |
| Maine | 9 languagesArabic, Canadian French, English, French, Lingala, Portuguese, Somali, Spanish, Swahili | Provided at no cost |
| Maryland | 17 languagesEnglish, Spanish, American Sign Language, Amharic (Afro-Asiatic language), Arabic, Chinese (Traditional), Farsi, French, Hindi, Korean, Nepali, Portuguese, Russian, Tagalog, Urdu, Vietnamese, Yoruba (West Africa) | Allowed, after 5 tries if your language is offered |
| Massachusetts | 37 languagesAlbanian, American Sign Language, Arabic, Armenian, Burmese, Cape Verdean Creole, English, Farsi, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Kiswahili, Korean, Laotian, Mandarin (Simplified), Mandarin (Traditional), Nepali, Pashto, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Somali, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese | By request |
| Michigan | Several, not listed | Allowed (except CDL) |
| Minnesota | Several, not listedEnglish, American Sign Language (ASL) and others | Not published |
| Mississippi | Audio or oral test, in English | Not published |
| MissouriPublishes nothing on the test’s languages | Not published | Not published |
| Montana | Audio or oral test, in English | Not published |
| Nebraska | 3 languagesEnglish, Spanish, American Sign Language | Before and after the test, not during |
| Nevada | 2 languagesEnglish, Spanish | Allowed if you lack English or Spanish |
| New Hampshire | 8 languagesEnglish, American Sign Language (ASL), French, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic, Farsi, Mandarin Chinese | Not published |
| New Jersey | 14 languagesEnglish, American Sign Language (ASL), Arabic, Chinese, French, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Turkish, Hindi, Albanian, Spanish | Only if your language isn’t offered, after a first try |
| New Mexico | 8 languagesEnglish, Spanish, Tagalog, Italian, German, French, Vietnamese, Chinese | Not published |
| New York | Several, not listedEnglish, Spanish and others | Not published |
| North Carolina | Audio or oral test, in English | Not published |
| North Dakota | 15 languagesEnglish, Arabic, Spanish, Somali, Russian, Vietnamese, Turkish, Swahili, Nepali, Serbo-Croatian, French, Pashto, Dari, Chinese, American Sign Language | Not published |
| Ohio | 10 languagesAmerican Sign Language (ASL), Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Russian, Somali, Spanish | Your own, by appointment, for other languages |
| Oklahoma | English only | Not published |
| Oregon | 8 languagesEnglish, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese (Simplified Mandarin), Japanese, Korean, Russian, Vietnamese | Allowed |
| Pennsylvania | 30 languagesAlbanian, Amharic, Arabic, Bosnian, Burmese, Cambodian, Dari, English, Farsi, French, Greek, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Mandinka, Nepali, Pashto, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese | Sign language interpreter provided on request |
| Rhode Island | Several, not listedEnglish, Spanish, Portuguese and others | Before and after the test, not during |
| South CarolinaPublishes nothing on the test’s languages | Not published | Not published |
| South DakotaPublishes nothing on the test’s languages | Not published | Not published |
| Tennessee | 4 languagesEnglish, Spanish, Korean, Japanese | Not allowed, except a sign language interpreter if you’re deaf |
| Texas | 2 languagesEnglish, Spanish | Not published |
| Utah | Several, not listed | Only if your language isn’t offered |
| VermontPublishes nothing on the test’s languages | Not published | Not published |
| Virginia | 26 languagesEnglish, American Sign Language (ASL), Amharic (Ethiopian), Arabic, Chinese/Mandarin, Chinese/Mandarin (Traditional), Dari, Farsi, French, German, Haitian Creole, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Kurdish, Mongolian, Nepali, Pashto, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Twi (Akan), Turkish, Urdu, Vietnamese | Not allowed for offered languages |
| Washington | 12 languagesEnglish, Español (Spanish), 中文 (Traditional Chinese), 한국어 (Korean), Русский (Russian), Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese), 日本語 (Japanese), العربية (Arabic), 简体中文 (Chinese Simplified), ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ (Punjabi), Tagalog (Tagalog), Українська (Ukrainian) | Not published |
| West Virginia | Audio or oral test, in English | At the DMV’s discretion |
| Wisconsin | Several, not listed | Not published |
| Wyoming | English only | Allowed |
A count is the languages the state’s documents name or count, English included where they name it. A dash means the documents on hand say nothing about the test’s languages. Each state’s own sentence is in the sources below.
Checked against each state’s handbook, agency pages and rules on October 29, 2026. The documents’ own sentences are below the table. How we check facts
By languages
From 37 languages to English only.
The states that count their languages, then the ones that test in English only, offer other languages without naming them, or offer only an audio test. The share of the 51 jurisdictions in each group, then the states.
10 or more languages
16 states offer the test in 10 languages or more
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Georgia, Virginia, District of Columbia, Indiana, Maryland, North Dakota, New Jersey, Alabama, Idaho, Washington, Arizona, Ohio
2 to 9 languages
9 states offer the test in 2 to 9 languages
Maine, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Tennessee, Nebraska, Colorado, Nevada, Texas
Other languages, not listed
9 states offer other languages without naming them
Alaska, Hawaii, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Rhode Island, Utah, Wisconsin
Audio or oral test only
7 states offer only an audio or oral test, in English
Arkansas, Delaware, Iowa, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, West Virginia
Not published
7 states say nothing in the documents on hand
California, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, South Carolina, South Dakota, Vermont
Questions
Good to know before your test.
Can you take the permit test in Spanish?
In at least 28 states, whose documents name Spanish: Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Washington. Another 9 say they offer other languages without listing them, so ask your state. Florida, Oklahoma and Wyoming give the test in English only.
Can you use an interpreter for the written test?
It depends on the state. 24 states publish a rule, from an interpreter the state provides to none allowed at all. The Interpreters column has each one, and the state’s own sentence is below the table.
Which states give the test in English only?
Florida, Oklahoma and Wyoming, by their own documents. Another 7 offer only an audio or oral test, in English: Arkansas, Delaware, Iowa, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina and West Virginia.
Which state offers the most languages?
Massachusetts, with 37 languages named in its documents. 15 more offer 10 or more.
Sources
Where each answer comes from.
Open a state to read the sentences of its handbook, agency pages or rules that give its languages and interpreter rule, each with a link to the document.
Alabama
12 languages · Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Vietnamese
The written test is offered in English and 11 other languages.
“Driver License written examinations are available in foreign languages: Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Spanish, Thai and Vietnamese.”
If you can’t read the test, an oral version runs on the testing machine.
“Examinations are available for applicants that are unable to read and comprehend the knowledge tests. Oral Examinations may be administered using our automated testing equipment.”
Alaska
Several, not listed · Interpreters: allowed
Online, you can take the test in several languages, with audio playback.
“Choose from multiple languages and enable audio playback.”
If you don’t understand English, someone may translate and read the questions to you, but may not help you answer.
“an applicant for a non-commercial driver's license who does not comprehend the English language may have another person translate and read the test questions orally to the applicant; a reader may not aid an applicant in answering or attempting to answer the test questions;”
If you understand English but can’t read well, you may bring someone to read the questions to you.
“If you can understand the English language, but are unable to read or have difficulty reading, you may bring someone who may read the questions to you, but you must independently answer the questions.”
Arizona
11 languages · English, German, Vietnamese, Mandarin, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, Italian, French, Tagalog, Korean
The written test is offered in 11 languages.
“The written test is offered in: English German Vietnamese Mandarin Spanish Arabic Russian Italian French Tagalog Korean”
If your language isn’t offered, you can ask for a verbal test by appointment.
“A customer reads in a foreign language and a written test in the foreign language is not available. Offices conduct verbal tests by appointment.”
In an office, the test is on a touch screen, and an audio version is available.
“You can also take the permit test at any MVD location. You’ll take the test on a computer using a touch screen (an audio version is available).”
Arkansas
Audio or oral test, in English
An oral test is available, with a computer reading the questions through headphones.
“What is an oral exam? Computer kiosk reads questions and answer through headphones.”
To get the oral test, show the examiner your IEP, 504 plan or another professional evaluation.
“How can I receive an oral exam? Present your IEP, 504 Plan or “other” professional evaluation to the Examiner.”
You can book an oral test with an examiner as its own appointment type.
“Driver’s License Test for Learning Differences- This appointment type will allow you to schedule an oral test with an examiner.”
California
Not published
California’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
California practice testColorado
2 languages · English, Spanish · Interpreters: allowed
The test is in English and Spanish, and it can read the questions aloud in either.
“@Home Driving Knowledge Tests are available in English and Spanish like those currently offered in-office, and if you have speakers connected to your computer, can be read aloud in English or Spanish by the testing application.”
You may use an interpreter for the written test.
“Applicants may use an interpreter for the written test for a driver’s license, minor’s driver’s license, or instruction permit.”
Your interpreter may only translate the questions and the answer choices.
“Interpreters are only allowed to translate the written questions and possible written answers to the test questions. No other assistance is allowed.”
Connecticut
35 languages · Albanian, Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, English, French, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Amharic Ethiopia, Armenian, Bosnian, Chinese Simplified, Croatian, Dari, German, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Khmer, Korean, Nepali, Pashto, Persian Farsi, Portuguese Brizil, Punjabi, Romanian, Somali, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu
The knowledge test is offered in 11 languages.
“Languages offered for the knowledge test: Albanian, Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, English, French, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Vietnamese.”
You can also ask for a paper test in 24 more languages.
“Applicants also have the option to request and complete in hard copy format a written knowledge test in these additional languages: Amharic Ethiopia, Armenian, Bosnian, Chinese Simplified, Croatian, Dari, German, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Khmer, Korean, Nepali, Pashto, Persian Farsi, Portuguese Brizil, Punjabi, Romanian, Somali, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, and Urdu.”
Delaware
Audio or oral test, in English
An audio test with headphones is available on request.
“Audio tests (with headphones) are available upon request.”
District of Columbia
24 languages · English, Amharic, Arabic, Cantonese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Vietnamese, Turkish, Hungarian, Finnish, Danish, Indonesian, Dutch, Farsi, Italian, Swedish · Interpreters: language line available
At a service center, the test is offered in 15 languages, with an audio version if you need help reading.
“The test can be taken in English, Amharic, Arabic, Cantonese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, and Vietnamese. Audio assisted tests are also available to those who need assistance with reading.”
Since December 15, 2025, 9 more languages are offered.
“In addition to the 15 languages currently available above, District residents may now take the Knowledge Test in Turkish, Hungarian, Finnish, Danish, Indonesian, Dutch, Farsi, Italian, and Swedish.”
A language line is available if you can’t speak, read or write English well.
“A language line is available to those who cannot (or have limited capacity to) speak, read, or write English.”
Florida
English only
The test is in English only.
“Class E knowledge examinations are available in English only.”
Georgia
26 languages · English, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese, Dari, Farsi, French, German, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Pashto, Portuguese (Brazil), Rohingya, Russian, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, Urdu, Vietnamese, Wolof, Yoruba · Interpreters: for the hearing impaired, by appointment
The road rules and road signs tests are offered in 26 languages.
“The Road Rules and Road Signs sections of the Non-Commercial knowledge exams are available in the following 26 (twenty-six) languages: English Albanian Amharic Arabic Burmese Chinese Dari Farsi French German Haitian Creole Hindi Italian Japanese Korean Pashto Portuguese (Brazil) Rohingya Russian Spanish Swahili Turkish Urdu Vietnamese Wolof Yoruba”
If you have a reading disability, you can ask for an oral test at a customer service center.
“Customers with reading disabilities can request an oral test at a CSC (schedules vary by location).”
You can book an oral test, or an interpreter if you’re hearing impaired, at your local center.
“Please visit your local CSC to schedule an appointment for an oral exam or to schedule an interpreter for the hearing impaired.”
Hawaii
Several, not listed · English, Spanish and others
If you have trouble understanding English, you may be tested in another approved language, if one is available.
“An applicant who has difficulty understanding the English language may be examined in the language chosen from those available and approved by the director in any of the knowledge tests”
If you have trouble reading English, you can be tested orally.
“An applicant who has difficulty reading the English language shall be examined orally or by other means deemed appropriate by the director in any of the knowledge tests”
Honolulu’s online test is offered in English and Spanish.
“The 30 question test is currently offered in English and Spanish, and has a one hour time limit to complete.”
Idaho
12 languages · English, Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, Korean, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish, Swahili, Vietnamese, American Sign Language (ASL)
The knowledge test is offered in 12 languages, including American Sign Language.
“The knowledge test is available in English, Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, Korean, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish, Swahili, Vietnamese, and American Sign Language (ASL).”
Illinois
Several, not listed · Interpreters: allowed
The written test is in English and may be offered in other languages where there is demand.
“d) The written tests set forth in subsections (b) and (c) will be in the English language and may be in any other languages deemed necessary by the Secretary of State, based upon an identifiable demand.”
The facility may provide an interpreter if one is available. Otherwise, you bring your own.
“The Driver Services Facility supervisor or designee may provide or recommend use of an interpreter for the applicant's language if an interpreter is readily available. If an interpreter is not readily available, it will be the responsibility of the applicant to obtain the services of an interpreter.”
You can ask for an oral test in person, Monday through Thursday, if you have a language barrier or a reading disability.
“Oral examinations (for the written test) can be requested in person at any Secretary of State driver’s license facility, Monday through Thursday. The services are provided for applicants who may have a language barrier or any reading or learning disability.”
Indiana
21 languages · Arabic, Burmese, Chin, Croatian, French, German, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin - Simplified Chinese, Polish, Punjabi, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swahili, Tagalog, Vietnamese, American Sign Language (ASL) · Interpreters: one per customer, ASL translator by appointment
The knowledge test is offered in English and 19 other languages.
“The BMV currently offers the knowledge exam in the following languages: | | عربي (Arabic) | မြန်မာ (Burmese) | Chin | Hrvatski (Croatian) | Français (French) | Deutsch (German) | Kreyòl ayisyen (Haitian Creole) | हिंदी (Hindi) | 日本語 (Japanese) | 한국인 (Korean) | 普通话 (Mandarin - Simplified Chinese) | Polski (Polish) | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) | Русский (Russian) | Српски (Serbian) | Español (Spanish) | Kiswahili (Swahili) | Tagalog | Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) American Sign Language (ASL)”
For an ASL translator, book an appointment. The test can’t be taken the same day you book it.
“Customers that require an ASL translator for a knowledge exam or other services may call the BMV's Contact Center at 888-692-6841 to schedule an appointment. Customers can also schedule an appointment for an ASL translator at any branch. However, please be aware that a knowledge exam with an ASL translator cannot be taken on the same day it is scheduled.”
Only 1 interpreter is allowed per customer.
“Please note: only one interpreter allowed per customer.”
Iowa
Audio or oral test, in English
If you can’t read or understand the written test, you can ask for an oral test.
“604.9(2) Oral test. An applicant who is unable to read or understand a written test may request an oral test. The oral test may be administered by an examiner or by an automated testing device.”
Kansas
Not published
Kansas’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
Kansas practice testKentucky
27 languages · English, Albanian, Arabic, Bosnian, Burmese, Cambodian, Chinese, Croatian, Dari, Farsi, French, German, Hindi, Japanese, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Laotian, Pashto, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Turkish, Vietnamese · Interpreters: by appointment
The written test is offered in 26 languages besides English.
“The written test is available in the following languages: Albanian Kinyarwanda Arabic* Korean Bosnian Laotian Burmese* Pashto Cambodian Polish Chinese* Romanian Croatian Russian Dari Somali* Farsi Spanish* French* Swahili German Thai Hindi Turkish Japanese* Vietnamese”
Every testing office has tablets that read the test aloud in English and several other languages.
“All testing offices are equipped with tablet devices that will present the test audibly in English and several foreign languages.”
If you can’t read English, the test can be given orally, but you answer the signs part on your own.
“Tests can be given orally for applicants who cannot read the English language. However, the signs portion of the test must be answered by applicants from their own knowledge and understanding.”
You need a special appointment for an oral test or an interpreter.
“However, a special appointment will be needed for the test to be orally administered or if an interpreter is needed.”
Louisiana
Interpreters: allowed (except CDL)
If you don’t understand written English well, you may bring a translator for the written test, except for a CDL.
“If the applicant does not have a good understanding of the written English language they may bring a translator to assist with any class knowledge (written) tests except CDL.”
Maine
9 languages · Arabic, Canadian French, English, French, Lingala, Portuguese, Somali, Spanish, Swahili · Interpreters: provided at no cost
The testing system gives the knowledge test in these 9 languages.
“The BMV digital testing system provides the basic knowledge test in 8 languages: Arabic, Canadian French, English, French, Lingala, Portuguese, Somali, Spanish, and Swahili.”
Since February 1, 2026, the BMV provides a professional interpreter for the written test at no cost.
“Effective February 1, 2026, the BMV will provide free professional interpreter services to applicants for written exams.”
If your language isn’t in the system, the BMV provides an interpreter, which can take 4 weeks or more to arrange.
“If the applicant speaks a language our system does not provide, the BMV will provide a free interpreter for the written test. Scheduling for an applicant that requires an interpreter may take 4 weeks or more, depending on interpreter availability.”
Maryland
17 languages · English, Spanish, American Sign Language, Amharic (Afro-Asiatic language), Arabic, Chinese (Traditional), Farsi, French, Hindi, Korean, Nepali, Portuguese, Russian, Tagalog, Urdu, Vietnamese, Yoruba (West Africa) · Interpreters: allowed, after 5 tries if your language is offered
The Class C knowledge test is offered in 17 languages, including American Sign Language.
“The noncommercial Class C knowledge test is available in the following languages: English, Spanish, American Sign Language, Amharic (Afro-Asiatic language), Arabic, Chinese (Traditional), Farsi, French, Hindi, Korean, Nepali, Portuguese, Russian, Tagalog, Urdu, Vietnamese, and Yoruba (West Africa). The Maryland Drivers' Manual is available online in these languages. The Maryland Driver's Manual is also available online in these languages.”
Spoken language interpreters are allowed for noncommercial tests.
“Spoken language interpreters are permitted for noncommercial license tests.”
If the test is offered in your language, you must take it at least 5 times before using an interpreter.
“If we offer the knowledge test in the language that you speak, you must take it at least 5 times before using an interpreter.”
The MVA charges nothing for using an interpreter, but you pay the interpreter.
“NOTE: The MVA does not charge a fee for using an interpreter. However, you will have to pay the interpreter for their services.”
Massachusetts
37 languages · Albanian, American Sign Language, Arabic, Armenian, Burmese, Cape Verdean Creole, English, Farsi, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Kiswahili, Korean, Laotian, Mandarin (Simplified), Mandarin (Traditional), Nepali, Pashto, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Somali, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese · Interpreters: by request
The learner’s permit test is offered in 37 languages, including American Sign Language.
“The exam is available in the following languages: Albanian, American Sign Language, Arabic, Armenian, Burmese, Cape Verdean Creole, English, Farsi, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Kiswahili, Korean, Laotian, Mandarin (Simplified), Mandarin (Traditional), Nepali, Pashto, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Somali, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese.”
To have the test read in another language, email RMV Interpreter Services to arrange it.
“Class D/M exams are available in 37 languages; to request an oral exam to be delivered in a foreign language, please email RMV Interpreter Services at rtinterpreters@dot.state.ma.us to begin the process.”
Audio versions are available in every listed language.
“Audio exams are available in all the languages listed above for Class D and M exams, and in English only for CDL exams (per federal regulation).”
Michigan
Several, not listed · Interpreters: allowed (except CDL)
The knowledge test is offered in many languages.
“Knowledge tests are available in many languages.”
A foreign language interpreter may be used on any written test except a CDL knowledge test.
“Foreign language interpreters may be used on all written tests, except CDL knowledge tests.”
The tests come in many languages, on screen, on paper or in audio.
“Original driver’s license tests are available in many foreign languages in electronic, paper, or audio formats.”
Minnesota
Several, not listed · English, American Sign Language (ASL) and others
On a computer, you can take the test in English, several other languages or American Sign Language, with headphones to hear the questions.
“At exam stations offering the test on a computer, you can take it in English, several other languages or in American Sign Language (ASL). Headphones are available to hear the questions as you read them.”
Mississippi
Audio or oral test, in English
If you have trouble reading, the computer test has a headset and reads the questions and answers aloud.
“The Computerized Exam includes a headset, and the machine will read the questions and answers aloud for you.”
Missouri
Not published
Missouri’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
Missouri practice testMontana
Audio or oral test, in English
If you can’t read, the examiner reads the road rules questions to you, and you identify the signs yourself.
“(2) Illiterates must be examined orally by having the examiner state the questions on the Road Rules Test, and by having the applicant identify the signs on the Sign Test.”
Nebraska
3 languages · English, Spanish, American Sign Language · Interpreters: before and after the test, not during
The written and audio tests are in English, Spanish and American Sign Language.
“Tests are available in the following formats: written (on a testing tablet), audio and non-verbal. The written and audio version is available in English, Spanish and American Sign Language.”
If your main language isn’t English or Spanish, you can ask for the non-verbal test.
“The non-verbal written test is designed for applicants whose primary language is not English or Spanish or individuals who have difficulty understanding or reading English or Spanish, may request and be administered the non-verbal test.”
If you’re deaf or hard of hearing, an interpreter may explain instructions before or after the test, but not during it.
“Deaf or hard of hearing applicants may use an interpreter to understand instructions prior to or after any written or drive tests.”
Because the written test comes in American Sign Language, no interpreter may help while you take it.
“The Class O written test is now available in American Sign Language so no interpreter can assist when the applicant is taking the written test.”
Nevada
2 languages · English, Spanish · Interpreters: allowed if you lack English or Spanish
The test is offered in English and Spanish, and in an audio format.
“Available in English, Spanish, and audio format”
If you have trouble reading the written test, you can ask for an oral test. The Class C test is also in Spanish.
“If you have problems reading or understanding the written test, you may request an oral examination. Testing for the Basic Class C license and motorcycle license is also available in Spanish.”
If you lack English or Spanish skills, you may use an interpreter for the written test.
“An applicant who has a lack of English or Spanish language skills may use an interpreter during a written examination for a non-commercial driver’s license, driver authorization card or instruction permit.”
You pay any interpreter fees.
“The applicant is responsible for any interpreter fees”
New Hampshire
8 languages · English, American Sign Language (ASL), French, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic, Farsi, Mandarin Chinese
The automated test is offered in 8 languages, written and spoken, including American Sign Language.
“Automated testing is also available in the following languages in both written and audible formats: English American Sign Language (ASL) French Spanish Portuguese Arabic Farsi Mandarin Chinese”
Anyone can ask for the spoken test with headphones. Tell the staff before you start.
“Automated oral testing with the use of headphones is available for anyone requiring this service. The applicant should notify the customer service representative prior to taking the test if they wish to take advantage of this feature.”
New Jersey
14 languages · English, American Sign Language (ASL), Arabic, Chinese, French, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Turkish, Hindi, Albanian, Spanish · Interpreters: only if your language isn’t offered, after a first try
The knowledge test is offered in 14 languages, including American Sign Language, with headphones for an oral test if you can’t read.
“The MVC offers the knowledge test in English, American Sign Language (ASL), and these foreign languages: Arabic, Chinese, French, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Turkish, Hindi, Albanian, and Spanish. If the applicant cannot read in any language, headphones are supplied to administer an oral test.”
If your language isn’t offered, you may use a state-approved interpreter, but only after trying the test in an offered language.
“If the knowledge test is not available in your native language you may use a state-approved interpreter, however, you must first attempt to complete the knowledge test in an offered language.”
If you’re deaf or hard of hearing, the MVC provides and pays for an approved interpreter.
“MVC-approved interpreters are also provided for Deaf or Hard of Hearing applicants. The MVC will pay the interpreter’s fees directly associated with the knowledge test after submission of a properly completed payment voucher form.”
New Mexico
8 languages · English, Spanish, Tagalog, Italian, German, French, Vietnamese, Chinese
The knowledge test is offered in 8 languages.
“Knowledge exams are available in English, Spanish, Tagalog, Italian, German, French, Vietnamese, and Chinese. Currently, there are no plans to add additional languages.”
New York
Several, not listed · English, Spanish and others
The Class D knowledge test is offered in several languages, on a touch screen or on paper.
“Class D knowledge tests are offered in multiple languages and can be taken via touch screen test stations or on paper.”
At participating high schools, the online version is given in English and Spanish.
“The test is given in an easy-to-use format and is offered in English and Spanish.”
North Carolina
Audio or oral test, in English
If you have trouble reading, you can ask for an audio test.
“Audio tests are available, upon request, for those who have difficulty reading.”
The audio version lets you listen to the questions through earphones.
“An audio component allows applicants with reading comprehension difficulties to listen to the test questions by use of earphones.”
North Dakota
15 languages · English, Arabic, Spanish, Somali, Russian, Vietnamese, Turkish, Swahili, Nepali, Serbo-Croatian, French, Pashto, Dari, Chinese, American Sign Language
The Class D knowledge test is offered in 14 languages.
“The noncommercial (Class D) knowledge test is offered in English, Arabic, Spanish, Somali, Russian, Vietnamese, Turkish, Swahili, Nepali, Serbo-Croatian, French, Pashto, Dari and Chinese.”
Automated American Sign Language and audio tests are available at 8 driver license offices.
“Automated American Sign Language and Audio testing is available at the Fargo, Jamestown, Bismarck, Dickinson, Williston, Minot, Devils Lake, and Grand Forks driver license offices.”
Ohio
10 languages · American Sign Language (ASL), Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Russian, Somali, Spanish · Interpreters: your own, by appointment, for other languages
The knowledge test is offered in 10 languages, including American Sign Language.
“The test is 40 multiple-choice questions (with a 75% passage rate needed) and is available in American Sign Language (ASL), Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Russian, Somali, and Spanish.”
For any other language, you may bring your own interpreter by booking an appointment at a testing station.
“You may use your own interpreter for all other languages by scheduling an appointment at a Driver Exam Station only.”
You can ask for an audio test, a paper test or an ASL test at the testing station.
“Accommodations available upon request at the Driver Exam Station include an audio knowledge test, printed paper knowledge test, American Sign Language knowledge test, and visual instructions during driving test (exclusive to individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing).”
Oklahoma
English only
The written test is only available in English.
“At this time, the written test is only available in English.”
An oral test is given on request, and an appointment may be needed.
“An oral test will be given on request (an appointment may be required).”
Oregon
8 languages · English, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese (Simplified Mandarin), Japanese, Korean, Russian, Vietnamese · Interpreters: allowed
The test can be read and heard in 8 languages.
“The test can be read and heard in the following languages: English Spanish Arabic Chinese (Simplified Mandarin) Japanese Korean Russian Vietnamese”
No one else may be in the test area unless you need a translator.
“No-one else in the test area, unless you need a translator.”
In an office, the test is on a touch screen in several languages, with or without audio.
“Knowledge tests are given on a touch-screen monitor. The test is available in several languages, with or without audio assistance.”
Pennsylvania
30 languages · Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Bosnian, Burmese, Cambodian, Dari, English, Farsi, French, Greek, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Mandinka, Nepali, Pashto, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese · Interpreters: sign language interpreter provided on request
The knowledge test is given in writing or audio in 30 languages, on request, at every Driver License Center.
“The knowledge test can be given in both written and audio format in the following languages: Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Bosnian, Burmese, Cambodian, Dari, English, Farsi, French, Greek, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Mandinka, Nepali, Pashto, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu and Vietnamese, upon request, at all Driver License Centers across the commonwealth.”
If you’re hearing impaired and use sign language, PennDOT provides an interpreter on request.
“PennDOT's Bureau of Driver Licensing will provide an interpreter upon request for individuals who are hearing impaired and communicate through the use of sign language.”
Rhode Island
Several, not listed · English, Spanish, Portuguese and others · Interpreters: before and after the test, not during
The computer test is given in English, Spanish and Portuguese.
“Computerized knowledge exams are administered in English, Spanish and Portuguese.”
You can ask for a printed test in another language, scheduled in advance.
“Applicants may request to take the knowledge exam (in a printed format) in a foreign language. Foreign language exams will need to be scheduled in advance to allow DMV time to prepare the test as requested.”
For a foreign language test, bring someone who can translate for you before and after the test.
“Be accompanied by someone that can translate for them BEFORE and AFTER the test.”
The test is available in other languages on request.
“The exam is available in other languages upon request.”
South Carolina
Not published
South Carolina’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
South Carolina practice testSouth Dakota
Not published
South Dakota’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
South Dakota practice testTennessee
4 languages · English, Spanish, Korean, Japanese · Interpreters: not allowed, except a sign language interpreter if you’re deaf
Centers with computer testing also offer the test in Spanish, Korean or Japanese.
“Our Driver Service Centers that have the computerized testing are also currently able to offer the test in 3 alternate language formats of Spanish, Korean or Japanese.”
Online, the test is in English or Spanish.
“The knowledge test language options are English and Spanish.”
Interpreters are not allowed to help with any driver license test.
“Interpreters are NOT allowed to assist with any of the driver license testing.”
If you’re deaf and ask for an oral test, the department provides a certified sign language interpreter.
“In the event the applicant requesting an oral test is deaf, the Department of Safety will furnish a certified sign language interpreter to assist with the administration of the exam.”
Oral tests are given by appointment at selected centers if you have a learning disability or can’t read.
“Oral tests are available by appointment at selected Driver License Service Centers for applicants who have a learning disability or cannot read.”
Texas
2 languages · English, Spanish
The written and oral tests are offered in English and Spanish only.
“Written and oral examinations will be offered in English and Spanish only. Oral tests will be administered when actually needed.”
Utah
Several, not listed · Interpreters: only if your language isn’t offered
You may take the written test in your language if it’s available. If not, find an interpreter.
“You may take the written knowledge test in your language, if available. If unavailable, search for an Interpreter.”
Vermont
Not published
Vermont’s current handbook and agency pages on hand say nothing about the test’s languages.
Vermont practice testVirginia
26 languages · English, American Sign Language (ASL), Amharic (Ethiopian), Arabic, Chinese/Mandarin, Chinese/Mandarin (Traditional), Dari, Farsi, French, German, Haitian Creole, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Kurdish, Mongolian, Nepali, Pashto, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Twi (Akan), Turkish, Urdu, Vietnamese · Interpreters: not allowed for offered languages
The knowledge test is offered in 26 languages, including American Sign Language.
“With the exception of the CDL HAZMAT knowledge exam (available only in English), the Driver, CDL and Motorcycle knowledge exams are available in the following languages: English American Sign Language (ASL) Amharic (Ethiopian) Arabic Chinese/Mandarin Chinese/Mandarin (Traditional) Dari Farsi French German Haitian Creole Italian Japanese Korean Kurdish Mongolian Nepali Pashto Punjabi Russian Spanish Thai Twi (Akan) Turkish Urdu Vietnamese”
An audio version exists, and because the test comes in many languages and ASL, translators may not be used for an offered language.
“An audio version of the exam is available and the exam is offered in many different languages and American Sign Language. Therefore, translators may not be used for tests in offered languages.”
Oral tests are available on request at every customer service center.
“Oral exams are also available by request at all DMV customer service centers.”
Washington
12 languages · English, Español (Spanish), 中文 (Traditional Chinese), 한국어 (Korean), Русский (Russian), Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese), 日本語 (Japanese), العربية (Arabic), 简体中文 (Chinese Simplified), ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ (Punjabi), Tagalog (Tagalog), Українська (Ukrainian)
The knowledge test is offered in 12 languages.
“The knowledge test is available in 12 languages: English Español (Spanish) <中文 (Traditional Chinese) 한국어 (Korean) Русский (Russian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 日本語 (Japanese) العربية (Arabic) 简体中文 (Chinese Simplified) ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ (Punjabi) Tagalog (Tagalog) Українська (Ukrainian)”
Check that your driver training school offers the test in the language you need.
“Check with your driver training school to make sure they offer the knowledge test in the language you need.”
West Virginia
Audio or oral test, in English · Interpreters: at the DMV’s discretion
If you have trouble reading, an audio version with headphones is available.
“Audio versions of the knowledge examination are available for the reading impaired. The test is administered with headphones.”
You can take the test orally with a headset, and the DMV may let you use a translator.
“An applicant may test orally with a headset via the Division’s software program. At the Division’s discretion, the applicant may use a translator.”
Wisconsin
Several, not listed
The knowledge and signs tests come with audio and in many languages. The DMV website lists them.
“The knowledge and signs tests are available with audio. These tests are also available in many different languages. Visit our website for a list of languages we offer.”
Wyoming
English only · Interpreters: allowed
All tests are in English only, so if you can’t speak or write English, you may use an interpreter.
“All tests are given in English only, so if a person cannot speak or write the English language, an interpreter may be used.”
English is the only test language, and you may use an interpreter for a non-commercial written test.
“NOTE: English is the only language that Wyoming tests are given in. All manuals are only printed in English, as well. If you cannot speak English, you may use an interpreter for non-commercial written tests.”
If you have trouble reading, you can hear the questions through a phone at the testing station.
“Oral Tests: Wyoming's automated testing system allows for applicants who have difficulty reading to hear the questions orally through a phone system.”
Learn the rules in plain English.
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